Nikki
10-07-03, 02:56 AM
October 7th
1571 - In the Battle of Lepanto in southwestern Greece, Don John of Austria and his Christian forces of 316 ships defeated the Turkish navy under Ali Pasha with 250 galleys. At least 25,000 Turks were killed and 80 ships destroyed in what was the last great confrontation between oared ships.
1763 - George III of Great Britain issued the Proclamation of 1763, closing lands in North America north and west of the Alleghenies to white settlement.
1765 - A Stamp Act Congress began sitting in New York to protest against the British Stamp Act which raised a direct tax on the colonies.
1780 - In the American Revolution, 1,100 British soldiers under Major Patrick Ferguson were surrounded and heavily defeated by American militia in the battle of King's Mountain in western Carolina.
1799 - The bell was salvaged from the Lutine which sank off the coast of Holland. It was presented to Lloyds of London. Known as the Lutine bell, it has been rung ever since to mark a marine disaster.
1806 - Carbon paper was patented in London by inventor Ralph Wedgewood.
1849 - Author/poet Edgar Allan Poe died in Baltimore at age 40.
1879 - A German-Austrian dual alliance was formed under which they agreed to come to each other's aid if either was attacked.
1908 - Crete rebelled against Turkish domination and united with Greece.
1913 - Henry Ford unveiled his new ‘moving assembly line’ to speed up mass production of his cars at the Michigan plant.
1916 - The most staggering intercollegiate football defeat in history took place at Atlanta, Georgia, as Georgia Tech beat Cumberland University, 222-0.
1919 - KLM, the national airline of the Netherlands, was established. It is the oldest existing airline.
1922 - The first radio network debuted. It was a small network of two stations. WJZ in Newark, New Jersey coupled with WGY in Schenectady, New York to broadcast the World Series game from the Polo Grounds in New York. The announcer for the broadcast was columnist Grantland Rice was.
1939 - On CBS radio, "Kate Hopkins, Angel of Mercy" was first heard. Kate's husband, Tom Hopkins, was played by future host of "Beat the Clock" Clayton "Bud" Collyer. Chester McCraken and Gertrude Berg; writer and Emmy Award-winning actress of "The Goldbergs", a popular series on radio and television in the 1940s & 1950s, wrote the show. The announcer for "Angel of Mercy"'s four year run was Ralph Edwards, who would go onto "This is Your Life" fame. The sponsor was Maxwell House coffee.
1940 - In World War II, German troops invaded Romania to take control of strategic oil fields.
1940 - On the NBC Red network, "Portia Faces Life" debuted. The radio soap opera focused on the life of Portia Blake Manning, a widowed attorney with a young son. "Portia Faces Life" was extremely popular, and had many sponsors including: Post Toasties, Grape Nuts Flakes, Grape Nuts Wheat Meal, Maxwell House coffee, Jell-O desserts and La France bleach.
1940 - For Victor Records, Artie Shaw’s orchestra recorded Hoagy Carmichael’s, "Stardust".
1942 - The debuting program "Command Performance" was described by "TIME" magazine as "...the best wartime program in radio." While the show was originally produced by the United States' War Department in cooperation with Armed Forces Radio Services for people serving overseas in the military, it continued with new episodes until 1949 and spent more than three decades in syndication. "Command Performance" was hosted by Bob Hope, Bing Crosby, Don Wilson and Harry Von Zell. The show featured almost every major Hollywood and Broadway star.
1949 - The German Democratic Republic, or East Germany, was proclaimed with Wilhelm Pieck as president and Otto Grotewohl as prime minister.
1950 - The United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution that that approved a United States-led United Nations force to advance north of 38th parallel into North Korea, ignoring China's threat to enter the war if the parallel was crossed. The 38th parallel divided North from South Korea, a division established in 1945. After a death toll of tens of thousands three years later, the war ended with the reestablishment of the 38th parallel division.
1950 - Frank Sinatra, singer, made his television debute with "The Frank Sinatra Show", which was the beginning of a $250,000 per year, five-year contract. Regulars on the show included Ben Blue, The Blue Family, the Whippoorwills and Axel Stordahl’s orchestra.
1951 - Fort Worth, Texas's Western Hills Hotel became the first hostelry to feature all foam-rubber mattresses and pillows.
1954 - Marian Anderson became the first black singer hired by the Metropolitan Opera Company in New York.
1956 - A United States House of Representatives subcommittee started investigations of television quiz shows that were allegedly rigged.
1958 - President Iskander Nirza proclaims martial law in Pakistan.
1959 - The far side of the moon was photographed for the first time by the Soviet Union's Luna 3 spacecraft.
1959 - Singer Mario Lanza, international concert and recording star, died in Rome at age 38 of a heart attack.
1963 - United States President John F. Kennedy signs nuclear test ban treaty between United States, Britain and Soviet Union.
1967 - Singer Cass Elliot of The Mamas and The Papas was jailed overnight in London after a dispute over a hotel bill.
1968 - The Motion Picture Association of America adopted its film-rating system.
1969 - The Youngbloods hit, "Get Together", got a gold record when it passed the million-selling mark.
1971 - The French Connection, a movie based on a New York major narcotics investigation and starring Gene Hackman, opened in New York. It later went on to win the Academy Awards for Best Picture, Best Director, Best Actor, and Best Screenplay based on material from another medium.
1971 - Got to Be There, Michael Jackson's first solo single, was released by Motown in the United States on this date. Within a few months, the record had gone platinum. Michael was 12 years old at the time of the recording.
1973 - 40,000 football fans decided not to use their pro-football tickets. Instead they watched the games on television since newly signed legislation lifted blackout rules of games.
1975 - John Lennon won his court battle, barring deportation from the United States by immigration officials. He later became a United States citizen .
1977 - The Soviet Union adopted a new constitution, replacing the one introduced in 1936.
1981 - Hosni Mubarak became acting-president of Egypt following the assassination of Anwar Sadat on October 6.
1982 - The musical, "Cats", opened on Broadway. Andrew Lloyd Weber’s show is mostly remembered for the song, "Memories".
1985 - Terrorists hijacked the Italian cruise ship, "Achille Lauro", demanding prisoners being held in Israel be released. Only one of the four hundred people on board was fatally shot as an example that the four Palestinian gunmen were serious. The victim was Leon Klinghoffer, who was wheelchairbound. The attackers surrendered to the Egyptians, who promised free passage out of their country, two days later. When Klinghoffer’s body was returned to his home in New York City, Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan said Leon Klinghoffer died "because he was an American, because he was a Jew and because he was a free man."
1987 - Fiji coup leader Sitiveni Rabuka declared himself head of state of the new republic.
1988 - An Alaskan hunter spotted trapped grey whales beating themselves against the ice trying to break it. They became the focus of an international rescue to save them from certain death. Ironically, many of those who helped in the rescue were normally their killers.
1989 - Hungary's Communist Party renounced Marxism in favor of democratic socialism.
1990 - Sheikh Rashid bin Said al-Maktoum, ruler of Dubai and prime minister and vice-president of the United Arab Emirates, died after a long illness aged 76.
1992 - In Peru, a secret military tribunal sentenced Abimael Guzman to life in prison without parole. He was the leader of the Shining Path guerrilla movement.
1994 - United States President Clinton dispatched an aircraft carrier to the Persian Gulf when Iraqi troops were spotted moving toward Kuwait. The United States Army was also put on alert.
1995 - More than 80 people were killed in Indonesia when an earthquake with a magnitude of 7 hit.
1995 - New York's Central Park is transformed into a giant open-air cathedral as Pope John Paul II celebrates Mass before a flock of 250,000.
1996 - IRA guerrillas bombed Britain's army headquarters in Northern Ireland, injuring 31 people and shattering an uneasy two-year peace in the province.
1571 - In the Battle of Lepanto in southwestern Greece, Don John of Austria and his Christian forces of 316 ships defeated the Turkish navy under Ali Pasha with 250 galleys. At least 25,000 Turks were killed and 80 ships destroyed in what was the last great confrontation between oared ships.
1763 - George III of Great Britain issued the Proclamation of 1763, closing lands in North America north and west of the Alleghenies to white settlement.
1765 - A Stamp Act Congress began sitting in New York to protest against the British Stamp Act which raised a direct tax on the colonies.
1780 - In the American Revolution, 1,100 British soldiers under Major Patrick Ferguson were surrounded and heavily defeated by American militia in the battle of King's Mountain in western Carolina.
1799 - The bell was salvaged from the Lutine which sank off the coast of Holland. It was presented to Lloyds of London. Known as the Lutine bell, it has been rung ever since to mark a marine disaster.
1806 - Carbon paper was patented in London by inventor Ralph Wedgewood.
1849 - Author/poet Edgar Allan Poe died in Baltimore at age 40.
1879 - A German-Austrian dual alliance was formed under which they agreed to come to each other's aid if either was attacked.
1908 - Crete rebelled against Turkish domination and united with Greece.
1913 - Henry Ford unveiled his new ‘moving assembly line’ to speed up mass production of his cars at the Michigan plant.
1916 - The most staggering intercollegiate football defeat in history took place at Atlanta, Georgia, as Georgia Tech beat Cumberland University, 222-0.
1919 - KLM, the national airline of the Netherlands, was established. It is the oldest existing airline.
1922 - The first radio network debuted. It was a small network of two stations. WJZ in Newark, New Jersey coupled with WGY in Schenectady, New York to broadcast the World Series game from the Polo Grounds in New York. The announcer for the broadcast was columnist Grantland Rice was.
1939 - On CBS radio, "Kate Hopkins, Angel of Mercy" was first heard. Kate's husband, Tom Hopkins, was played by future host of "Beat the Clock" Clayton "Bud" Collyer. Chester McCraken and Gertrude Berg; writer and Emmy Award-winning actress of "The Goldbergs", a popular series on radio and television in the 1940s & 1950s, wrote the show. The announcer for "Angel of Mercy"'s four year run was Ralph Edwards, who would go onto "This is Your Life" fame. The sponsor was Maxwell House coffee.
1940 - In World War II, German troops invaded Romania to take control of strategic oil fields.
1940 - On the NBC Red network, "Portia Faces Life" debuted. The radio soap opera focused on the life of Portia Blake Manning, a widowed attorney with a young son. "Portia Faces Life" was extremely popular, and had many sponsors including: Post Toasties, Grape Nuts Flakes, Grape Nuts Wheat Meal, Maxwell House coffee, Jell-O desserts and La France bleach.
1940 - For Victor Records, Artie Shaw’s orchestra recorded Hoagy Carmichael’s, "Stardust".
1942 - The debuting program "Command Performance" was described by "TIME" magazine as "...the best wartime program in radio." While the show was originally produced by the United States' War Department in cooperation with Armed Forces Radio Services for people serving overseas in the military, it continued with new episodes until 1949 and spent more than three decades in syndication. "Command Performance" was hosted by Bob Hope, Bing Crosby, Don Wilson and Harry Von Zell. The show featured almost every major Hollywood and Broadway star.
1949 - The German Democratic Republic, or East Germany, was proclaimed with Wilhelm Pieck as president and Otto Grotewohl as prime minister.
1950 - The United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution that that approved a United States-led United Nations force to advance north of 38th parallel into North Korea, ignoring China's threat to enter the war if the parallel was crossed. The 38th parallel divided North from South Korea, a division established in 1945. After a death toll of tens of thousands three years later, the war ended with the reestablishment of the 38th parallel division.
1950 - Frank Sinatra, singer, made his television debute with "The Frank Sinatra Show", which was the beginning of a $250,000 per year, five-year contract. Regulars on the show included Ben Blue, The Blue Family, the Whippoorwills and Axel Stordahl’s orchestra.
1951 - Fort Worth, Texas's Western Hills Hotel became the first hostelry to feature all foam-rubber mattresses and pillows.
1954 - Marian Anderson became the first black singer hired by the Metropolitan Opera Company in New York.
1956 - A United States House of Representatives subcommittee started investigations of television quiz shows that were allegedly rigged.
1958 - President Iskander Nirza proclaims martial law in Pakistan.
1959 - The far side of the moon was photographed for the first time by the Soviet Union's Luna 3 spacecraft.
1959 - Singer Mario Lanza, international concert and recording star, died in Rome at age 38 of a heart attack.
1963 - United States President John F. Kennedy signs nuclear test ban treaty between United States, Britain and Soviet Union.
1967 - Singer Cass Elliot of The Mamas and The Papas was jailed overnight in London after a dispute over a hotel bill.
1968 - The Motion Picture Association of America adopted its film-rating system.
1969 - The Youngbloods hit, "Get Together", got a gold record when it passed the million-selling mark.
1971 - The French Connection, a movie based on a New York major narcotics investigation and starring Gene Hackman, opened in New York. It later went on to win the Academy Awards for Best Picture, Best Director, Best Actor, and Best Screenplay based on material from another medium.
1971 - Got to Be There, Michael Jackson's first solo single, was released by Motown in the United States on this date. Within a few months, the record had gone platinum. Michael was 12 years old at the time of the recording.
1973 - 40,000 football fans decided not to use their pro-football tickets. Instead they watched the games on television since newly signed legislation lifted blackout rules of games.
1975 - John Lennon won his court battle, barring deportation from the United States by immigration officials. He later became a United States citizen .
1977 - The Soviet Union adopted a new constitution, replacing the one introduced in 1936.
1981 - Hosni Mubarak became acting-president of Egypt following the assassination of Anwar Sadat on October 6.
1982 - The musical, "Cats", opened on Broadway. Andrew Lloyd Weber’s show is mostly remembered for the song, "Memories".
1985 - Terrorists hijacked the Italian cruise ship, "Achille Lauro", demanding prisoners being held in Israel be released. Only one of the four hundred people on board was fatally shot as an example that the four Palestinian gunmen were serious. The victim was Leon Klinghoffer, who was wheelchairbound. The attackers surrendered to the Egyptians, who promised free passage out of their country, two days later. When Klinghoffer’s body was returned to his home in New York City, Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan said Leon Klinghoffer died "because he was an American, because he was a Jew and because he was a free man."
1987 - Fiji coup leader Sitiveni Rabuka declared himself head of state of the new republic.
1988 - An Alaskan hunter spotted trapped grey whales beating themselves against the ice trying to break it. They became the focus of an international rescue to save them from certain death. Ironically, many of those who helped in the rescue were normally their killers.
1989 - Hungary's Communist Party renounced Marxism in favor of democratic socialism.
1990 - Sheikh Rashid bin Said al-Maktoum, ruler of Dubai and prime minister and vice-president of the United Arab Emirates, died after a long illness aged 76.
1992 - In Peru, a secret military tribunal sentenced Abimael Guzman to life in prison without parole. He was the leader of the Shining Path guerrilla movement.
1994 - United States President Clinton dispatched an aircraft carrier to the Persian Gulf when Iraqi troops were spotted moving toward Kuwait. The United States Army was also put on alert.
1995 - More than 80 people were killed in Indonesia when an earthquake with a magnitude of 7 hit.
1995 - New York's Central Park is transformed into a giant open-air cathedral as Pope John Paul II celebrates Mass before a flock of 250,000.
1996 - IRA guerrillas bombed Britain's army headquarters in Northern Ireland, injuring 31 people and shattering an uneasy two-year peace in the province.